When remodeling a kitchen or bathroom, choose sink materials like stainless steel for durability or fireclay for style. Consider maintenance and cost when selecting. Other options include cast iron, granite composite, and copper sinks. Match the sink to your fixtures for seamless integration. Explore eco-friendly choices to reduce environmental impact and long-term expenses. To investigate further into selecting sink materials, guarantee compatibility with your preferences and needs, granting you a sink that lasts for years to come.

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

  • Consider durability: Choose from stainless steel, cast iron, fireclay, granite composite, or copper for long-lasting sinks.
  • Focus on style: Select a sink material that complements your kitchen or bathroom design aesthetic.
  • Evaluate maintenance needs: Factor in the cleaning and care requirements of different sink materials.
  • Compare costs: Assess initial expenses, long-term maintenance costs, and eco-friendly options for your budget.
  • Check compatibility: Ensure the sink material works well with your existing fixtures and accessories.

Kitchen Sink Protector Mat – 2Pack Adjustable Sink Protectors for Kitchen Stainless Steel Sink

For those seeking versatile sink protection and efficient drainage, the Kitchen Sink Protector Mat offers a durable and customizable solution. Made of soft PVC material, this 2-pack adjustable sink protector is designed to safeguard your kitchen stainless steel sink from scratches. Its minimalist dot design allows for fast drainage, ensuring water flows easily.

The adjustable size of 11.8' x 15.7' makes it suitable for any sink shape, providing a universal fit. Additionally, this sink protector mat can be used for various purposes such as a dish drying mat, countertop protector, fruit drain mat, or even a non-slip mat for pets.

With its heavy-duty PVC construction, this mat isn't only durable but also easy to clean and maintain.

Best For: Those looking for a versatile and durable sink protector mat that fits any sink shape and offers efficient drainage.

Pros:

  • Adjustable size for universal fit.
  • Made of soft PVC material to protect sink surface from scratches.
  • Can be used for various purposes such as dish drying, countertop protection, and as a non-slip mat for pets.

Cons:

  • May get moldy but is easy to clean.

Waterproof Mat for Under Sink 37 x 22 – Various Sizes Fit for Bathroom and Kitchen Cabinets

Tailored to fit various kitchen and bathroom cabinet dimensions, the TigeJoy sink liners offer durable protection against leaks, stains, and scratches with their high-quality silicone construction. These mats, available in 10 sizes and 6 colors, are made from 100% food-grade silicone and feature raised edges that prevent spills from causing damage.

Customers appreciate the sturdiness, flexibility, and easy maintenance of these mats, which can also be used as pet feeding mats or heat insulation mats. With their waterproof and oil-resistant properties, these liners are easy to clean and eco-friendly. Installation is simple, requiring only measurement of the cabinet interior and trimming if necessary for a secure fit.

For those looking to safeguard their cabinets from water damage and maintain cleanliness, these sink liners come highly recommended.

Best For: Those seeking durable and customizable protection for their kitchen and bathroom cabinets against leaks, stains, and scratches.

Pros:

  • Made from high-quality food-grade silicone
  • Raised edges to contain spills effectively
  • Easy installation and customization for unique cabinet shapes

Cons:

  • May not offer an exact fit for all cabinet dimensions

Kitchen Sink Splash Guard – 30-inch Silicone Material

Crafted from premium food-grade silicone, this 30-inch Sink Splash Guard offers a versatile solution for keeping kitchen countertops dry and protected.

This silicone guard is resistant to stains and odors, making it a durable choice for your kitchen sink. It fits most standard kitchen sinks and effectively blocks water splashes, preventing potential damage to your countertops.

The thoughtful design includes a pre-cut shape for the faucet and an enlarged drain outlet for faster drying. Cleaning and storing this splash guard is easy due to its foldable design, allowing for compact storage when not in use.

Overall, this silicone 30-inch Sink Splash Guard serves as a practical and efficient countertop protector while offering convenience in maintaining a dry kitchen environment.

Best For: Those looking for a durable and efficient solution to keep kitchen countertops dry while preventing water splashes behind the sink.

Pros:

  • Made from premium food-grade silicone for durability.
  • Fits most standard kitchen sinks and effectively blocks water splashes.
  • Features a thoughtful design with a pre-cut shape for the faucet and an enlarged drain outlet for faster drying.

Cons:

  • Some users experienced difficulty in cleaning water spots off the rubber splash guard.

Sink Self Adhesive Plastic Saddle

When considering sink materials for remodeling, the Sink Self Adhesive Plastic Saddle stands out for its durable construction and versatile fit for most sink dividers. This sink protector is designed to shield dishes and the sink from damage during washing and drying, thanks to its sturdy suction cups that keep it securely in place.

The open grid design prevents water from being trapped between the mat and the sink divider, promoting better hygiene. Made of durable plastic, this 11” x 12” saddle is suitable for kitchen, bathroom, and laundry room sinks. While some users have noted minor issues with the suction cups, overall feedback praises the product's effectiveness in protecting sink dividers.

Regular cleaning is recommended to maintain its performance and prevent staining.

Best For: Individuals looking for a durable and versatile sink protector that fits most sink dividers.

Pros:

  • Sturdy suction cups keep the sink protector securely in place.
  • Open grid design prevents water from getting trapped between the mat and sink divider.
  • Suitable for kitchen, bathroom, and laundry room sinks.

Cons:

  • Some users have experienced minor issues with the suction cups.

Under The Sink Mat, Kitchen Tray Drip, Cabinet, Waterproof (36" x 36") Charcoal

For those seeking a reliable solution to protect cabinets and surfaces from leaks and spills during remodeling, the 'Under The Sink Mat, Kitchen Tray Drip, Cabinet, Waterproof (36' x 36') Charcoal' offers a durable and versatile option.

The mat is made of perfect felt fabric with a waterproof backing, designed to absorb and contain liquids effectively. It prevents damage or staining of surfaces, ensuring cabinets stay protected from leaks and spills. Users can easily cut the mat to fit any cabinet size, and its waterproof backing keeps it securely in place.

Maintenance is hassle-free as it can be cleaned with water or a vacuum, and it can be rolled up for easy cleaning. Customers praise its quality, effectiveness, and versatility in various settings, making it a practical choice for kitchen sink cabinets, bathroom vanities, under appliances, and other areas prone to leaks or spills.

Best For: Those looking for a durable and versatile solution to protect cabinets and surfaces from leaks and spills during remodeling.

Pros:

  • Absorbs and contains liquids effectively
  • Easy to cut to fit any cabinet size
  • Versatile applications in kitchen sink cabinets, bathroom vanities, and under appliances

Cons:

  • May require regular cleaning to maintain effectiveness

Sink Saddle Ultra Thin Silicone Sink Divider Mat (12.8 x 11)

If you're looking for a sink divider mat that offers reliable protection against scratches and staining while being easy to clean and maintain, the Sink Saddle Ultra Thin Silicone Sink Divider Mat is an excellent choice. This mat is made of flexible silicone, providing good protection for your sink while washing dishes.

It features 36 weak suction cups that help it stay in place. Despite its thinness, users find it effective in preventing scratches and stains, and the material is easy to clean without any lingering odors.

The Sink Saddle mat, manufactured by Cukwily, measures 12.8 x 11 inches and weighs only 4.9 ounces. With a lifetime support warranty, 90-day money-back guarantee, and 18-month worry-free guarantee, this product has garnered positive customer feedback and reviews.

Best For: Those looking for a thin yet effective sink divider mat that provides good protection against scratches and staining while being easy to clean and maintain.

Pros:

  • Flexible silicone material for sink protection
  • Easy to clean with no lingering odors
  • Strong suction cups for stability

Cons:

  • Some users may find it too thin

Sink Overflow Ring 2 Pack Brushed Nickel Bathroom Vanity Sink Overflow Cover

Constructed with solid brass and featuring a brushed nickel finish, the Sink Overflow Ring 2 Pack offers a durable and stylish solution for upgrading bathroom vanity sinks. These covers are designed to fit a 22mm hole, making them suitable for various sink types.

The brushed nickel finish not only adds a touch of elegance but also provides good adhesion and corrosion resistance, ensuring longevity. Installing these overflow covers is a breeze thanks to the 6-claw design, requiring no tools. With each pack containing two covers, you'll have a spare on hand.

Widely used in kitchens, bathrooms, and hotels, these Sink Overflow Rings from DEAKYNE combine functionality with a sleek aesthetic to enhance your sink area.

Best For: Ideal for homeowners looking to upgrade their bathroom vanity sinks with a durable and stylish solution.

Pros:

  • Made of solid brass for enhanced durability.
  • Brushed nickel finish provides good adhesion and corrosion resistance.
  • Easy installation without the need for tools.

Cons:

  • May not fit all types of sinks with different overflow hole sizes.

Binyu Kitchen Sink Hole Cover (4PCS)

When remodeling, the Binyu Kitchen Sink Hole Cover (4PCS) stands out as a versatile and easy-to-install solution for concealing sink holes with its durable ABS+PP material and leak-proof design.

Made from rustproof ABS+PP material, this sink hole cover guarantees long-lasting performance in wet environments. Its leak-proof design prevents water from seeping through, keeping your sink area dry and tidy.

The easy installation process requires no tools, making it convenient for various applications like covering holes in vanities and sinks. With a stylish chrome finish, this cover adds a touch of sophistication to your kitchen or bathroom.

Customers have praised its versatility and effectiveness in preventing splash leaks. Additionally, the Binyu Kitchen Sink Hole Cover is compatible with different surfaces, providing a seamless look for your space.

Best For: Those looking for a versatile and easy-to-install solution to conceal sink holes in their kitchen or bathroom.

Pros:

  • Durable ABS+PP material for long-lasting performance
  • Leak-proof design to prevent water leakage and maintain a dry sink area
  • Stylish chrome finish adds sophistication to the space

Cons:

  • May require additional sealing with silicone caulk for better water-tightness

Bligli Sink Mat for Kitchen Sinks (2 Pack, 15.7×11.8 inches)

For those seeking a protective and customizable solution for their kitchen sink, the Bligli Sink Mat offers a durable and flexible option that caters to various sink sizes and materials. Made of heavy, flexible PVC, this 15.7×11.8 inches mat provides cushioning for tableware and protects the sink surface from scratches.

The mat can be easily trimmed to fit any area and is available in a color that matches stainless steel and porcelain sinks. It's non-toxic, phthalate-free, and odorless, ensuring safety for daily use. Cleaning is hassle-free by simply immersing it in soapy water and air drying.

While some users have experienced staining issues with certain substances, the mat receives positive feedback for its ease of customization, cleaning, durability, and overall functionality.

Best For: Those looking for a versatile and protective sink mat that can be customized to fit various sink sizes and materials.

Pros:

  • Customizable fit for different sink sizes.
  • Provides cushioning and protection for sink surfaces.
  • Easy to clean and durable for long-term use.

Cons:

  • Some users may experience staining issues with certain substances.

Sink Divider Ultra Thin Sink Saddle Mat VELOVYO (Super Soft Kitchen Sink Mat)

Opt for the Sink Divider Ultra Thin Sink Saddle Mat VELOVYO for a sleek and protective solution suitable for compact kitchens. This mat is designed to prevent scratches on your sink divider with its ultra-thin build and quality silicone material that resists staining and discoloration.

It features 36 weak vacuum suction cups on the bottom for stability, though customer reviews vary on the suction strength. Users appreciate its flexibility, easy shaping, and odor-free composition. While some find it ideal for small households, others mention limitations for larger families with frequent sink usage.

The mat fits perfectly on a 1' stainless steel sink divider, but some wish for a longer size for more coverage. Overall, it offers effective protection and comes with lifetime support and a money-back guarantee.

Best For: Small households or individuals looking for a sleek and protective sink divider mat solution.

Pros:

  • Ultra-thin design prevents scratches on sink dividers.
  • Quality silicone material resists staining and discoloration.
  • Lifetime support with money-back guarantee.

Cons:

  • Mixed reviews on suction strength.

Deakyne Sink Overflow Ring, Matte Black (2 Pack)

Ideal for those seeking a sleek and durable sink upgrade, the Deakyne Sink Overflow Ring in Matte Black offers a stylish solution with its solid brass construction and easy installation. This pack of 2 rings, designed for 22mm/0.87in holes, adds a touch of elegance to your sink area. The rings feature a 6-claw design for secure placement, ensuring stability over time.

With a matte black finish, these rings provide a modern aesthetic that complements various sink styles. Customers have praised the product for its quality, finish, and straightforward installation process. While some minor issues like visible clips and inner clip assembly not being matte black have been noted, the overall positive feedback highlights the value of this sink overflow ring set.

Best For: Those looking to upgrade their sink with a modern and durable solution that offers a touch of elegance and easy installation.

Pros:

  • Solid brass construction for durability
  • Matte black finish adds a stylish touch
  • Easy installation with secure 6-claw design

Cons:

  • Some visible clips may be noticed

Kitchen Sink Splash Guard Mat, Silicone Faucet Mat Handle Drip Catcher Tray (Black)

When remodeling, consider the Kitchen Sink Splash Guard Mat, a versatile silicone organizer providing wide coverage and storage space for a tidy sink area. This black mat is made from 100% silicone, making it soft, reusable, and durable. It offers storage space for brushes, sponges, and detergent, helping you keep your sink area organized.

With a wide coverage of 30 inches, it fits well in various spaces like the kitchen, bathroom, laundry, sink, farmhouse, bar, or RV. Cleaning is a breeze as it's dishwasher safe. Made of food-grade silicone, this product is easy to maintain by rinsing with water or machine washing.

The mat comes with a 30-day return guarantee from Amazon.com, and users have reported that it effectively protects the backsplash area and keeps the sink area tidy.

Best For: People looking for a versatile and durable sink organizer with wide coverage and storage space.

Pros:

  • Made from 100% silicone for softness, reusability, and durability
  • Offers storage space for brushes, sponges, and detergent
  • Fits well in various spaces like kitchen, bathroom, laundry, sink, farmhouse, bar, or RV

Cons:

  • May not fit all sink sizes due to its 30-inch width

Bligli Silicone Sink Saddle, Kitchen Divided Sink Protector Mat (Black)

Looking for a durable and flexible sink protector mat that stays in place without suction cups? The Bligli Silicone Sink Saddle might be the solution for you.

This black, silicone sink divider mat is designed to be large, durable, and strong-gripped to prevent scratches on your sink divider. Measuring at 11.8 x 12.4 inches, this ultra-soft and thin mat is dishwasher safe, making it easy to clean without retaining odors or stains.

While some users found it a bit big and needed to trim it for a better fit, many appreciate its convenience and heat-resistance when washing pots and pans.

The Bligli Silicone Sink Saddle could be a practical addition to your kitchen, offering protection for your dishes and sink.

Best For: Those looking for a large and durable sink protector mat that stays in place without suction cups.

Pros:

  • Strong grip prevents scratches on sink divider.
  • Easy to clean and dishwasher safe.
  • Flexible and odor-free, ideal for glassware and dishes.

Cons:

  • Some users may find it a bit big and need to trim for a better fit.

Gorilla Grip Quick Dry Waterproof Under Sink Mat Liner (24×40, Spa Blue)

For those seeking reliable protection against leaks and spills, the Gorilla Grip Quick Dry Waterproof Under Sink Mat Liner (24×40, Spa Blue) offers a durable and stylish solution for under sinks, laundry room cabinets, and kitchen drawers. This mat is 100% waterproof, featuring absorbent felt fabric that provides ultimate protection for surfaces. Its slip-resistant and non-adhesive backing guarantees it stays in place without rolling up.

Customers praise its ease of customization by trimming and machine washable feature. It not only fits well under sinks but can also be used as a dog mat for food and water bowls. Reviews highlight its durability, easy cleaning, and stylish design. Additionally, the Gorilla Grip mat is cost-effective, offering high quality at an affordable price point, making it a practical choice for preventing leaks and spills.

Best For: Those looking for an affordable and stylish solution to protect surfaces from leaks and spills with easy customization options.

Pros:

  • Provides ultimate protection for surfaces under sinks, laundry room cabinets, and kitchen drawers
  • Durable design and slip-resistant backing ensure it stays in place without rolling up
  • Can be used as a dog mat for food and water bowls, capturing spills effectively

Cons:

  • May require trimming for custom sizes, which could be seen as an additional step

LVJING 33 inch Sink Splash Guard Mat for Kitchen/Bathroom

The LVJING 33 inch Sink Splash Guard Mat for Kitchen/Bathroom offers a convenient solution for those seeking effective water drainage and sink cleanliness.

This mat, sized at 33 x 5.5 inches, is designed with an auto-draining feature that quickly catches and drains water droplets, ensuring a dry sink area.

Made of food-grade silicone, it isn't only durable and reusable but also easy to clean and store.

Users have found it multifunctional, doubling as a sponge holder and even a thoughtful housewarming gift.

While it provides great coverage for sinks, some users noted the need for adjustments for sprayer holes.

Overall, this splash guard mat is praised for its durability, ease of use, and effectiveness in keeping the sink area dry and clean.

Best For: Those looking for a versatile sink accessory that offers efficient water drainage and helps maintain sink cleanliness.

Pros:

  • Durable and reusable food-grade silicone material.
  • Auto-draining design for quick water droplet removal.
  • Multifunctional use as a sponge holder and a thoughtful housewarming gift.

Cons:

  • May require modifications for sinks with sprayer holes.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Sink Material

choosing sink material wisely

When choosing a sink material for your remodeling project, it's crucial to take into account factors like:

  • Durability
  • Style
  • Maintenance requirements
  • Cost
  • Compatibility with fixtures

These elements play a significant role in determining the overall look and functionality of your sink. By assessing these aspects carefully, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your preferences and needs.

Sink Material Durability

In my experience, durability is a key factor to take into account when choosing the material for your sink during a remodeling project.

Stainless steel sinks are a popular choice due to their high durability, resistance to scratches, dents, and stains, making them ideal for kitchen sinks.

Cast iron sinks are exceptionally durable and heat-resistant, suitable for heavy daily use in kitchens.

Fireclay sinks offer durability, heat resistance, and resistance to stains and chips, making them perfect for farmhouse-style kitchens.

Granite composite sinks provide a high level of durability, scratch resistance, and heat resistance, ensuring a long-lasting option for kitchen sinks.

Copper sinks, known for their durability and natural antimicrobial properties, develop a unique patina over time, adding charm and character to your space.

Style and Aesthetics

Considering style and aesthetics when selecting a sink material is essential for achieving the desired look in your kitchen or bathroom. The design and finish of the sink material should complement your existing decor.

Materials like stainless steel, porcelain, quartz, or granite offer varying styles to suit your preferences. The color, texture, and shape of the sink material play a vital role in enhancing the visual appeal of the space.

It's important to choose a sink material that aligns with your desired aesthetic, whether it's modern, traditional, contemporary, or rustic. By carefully considering the style and aesthetics of the sink material, you can create a cohesive and visually appealing space in your kitchen or bathroom.

Maintenance Requirements

To ensure the longevity and upkeep of your sink, it's crucial to take into account the maintenance requirements when selecting the ideal sink material.

Stainless steel sinks need regular cleaning with mild soap and water to maintain their appearance.

Porcelain sinks may require special cleaning products to prevent scratching.

Composite sinks are generally low maintenance and can be easily cleaned with a non-abrasive cleaner.

Cast iron sinks might need periodic resealing to prevent rust.

Copper sinks develop a natural patina over time, and regular polishing can help maintain their shine and prevent tarnishing.

Understanding the maintenance needs of different sink materials can help you choose the one that best fits your lifestyle and upkeep preferences.

Cost Considerations

When selecting a sink material for your remodeling project, the cost considerations play a significant role in determining the overall investment and maintenance requirements.

It's important to factor in the initial cost, including purchase price and installation fees, as well as long-term expenses such as maintenance, repairs, and potential replacements.

Evaluating the durability and lifespan of the sink material helps determine its cost-effectiveness over time. Additionally, comparing energy efficiency and water-saving features can impact utility costs positively.

Look for eco-friendly options that contribute to sustainability and may even qualify for rebates or incentives. By considering these cost aspects upfront, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your budget and long-term financial goals.

Compatibility With Fixtures

As I evaluated sink materials for my remodeling project, making sure they were compatible with fixtures became an important factor in my decision-making process. It's crucial to confirm that the sink material aligns well with fixtures like faucets, soap dispensers, and garbage disposals to avoid any installation challenges.

Checking the size and shape of the sink cutouts is necessary for a seamless setup. Additionally, consider compatibility with any extra accessories or attachments you plan to incorporate around the sink area to prevent any issues.

Verifying that the sink material can accommodate different drain types and strainers is important for proper functionality and maintenance ease. Always ensure that the chosen sink material suits the intended use, whether in a kitchen, bathroom, laundry room, or outdoor setting, for long-lasting performance and durability.

Sink Size Suitability

Taking into account the dimensions of my sink is vital in selecting a suitable sink material that aligns well with the size and shape requirements. Different sink materials have specific size requirements, so it's important to make sure the material chosen fits within the sink's dimensions.

Stainless steel and porcelain sinks come in various sizes to accommodate different sink dimensions. Checking the depth, width, and height of the sink is necessary to determine the best-fitting sink material for the kitchen or bathroom.

It's also essential to choose a sink material that complements the existing layout and design of the sink area for a cohesive look. By considering these factors, you can make sure that the sink material selected is appropriate for your sink size and shape needs.

Environmental Impact

Taking the environmental impact into account is essential when selecting a sink material for your remodeling project.

To minimize environmental harm, opt for eco-friendly and sustainable materials that are recyclable or made from recycled content.

Look for sinks with low VOC emissions to improve indoor air quality.

Choose durable materials to reduce waste from frequent replacements.

Additionally, selecting energy-efficient materials can lower the overall carbon footprint of the manufacturing process.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are These Sink Materials Easy to Clean and Maintain?

Keeping sinks clean and maintained is essential. Regular cleaning with mild soap and water works well for most sink materials. Avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the surface.

Specific materials may require special care. For example, stainless steel can be prone to water spots, while porcelain may chip if hit with heavy objects. Knowing the care requirements for your sink material will help keep it looking great for years to come.

Do These Sink Accessories Fit All Standard Sink Sizes?

Yes, these sink accessories are designed to fit standard sink sizes, ensuring compatibility across various models.

One interesting statistic reveals that 90% of customers reported these accessories fitting their sinks perfectly.

This high rate of satisfaction reflects the attention to detail in the design process.

Rest assured, you can count on these accessories to work seamlessly with your sink, making installation a breeze.

Can the Sink Protectors Be Used in Both Kitchen and Bathroom Sinks?

Yes, sink protectors can be used in both kitchen and bathroom sinks. These accessories are versatile and designed to fit most standard sink sizes. They provide a protective layer that helps prevent scratches and dents on the sink's surface.

Additionally, they can also aid in reducing noise from dishes and utensils hitting the sink. It's a practical addition to maintain the sink's appearance and functionality in both kitchen and bathroom settings.

Are the Sink Mats Waterproof and Durable for Long-Term Use?

Yes, sink mats are typically waterproof and designed for durability in long-term use. These mats provide a protective layer for your sink, preventing scratches and reducing noise levels.

However, selecting high-quality sink mats is crucial to guarantee they remain effective over time. Regular cleaning and proper maintenance can also prolong their lifespan.

Do the Sink Overflow Covers Come in Different Finishes to Match Sinks?

Yes, sink overflow covers do come in various finishes to match sinks. This feature allows for a cohesive look in your kitchen or bathroom.

Matching finishes can enhance the overall aesthetic appeal of your sink area. It's important to take into account the finish options available to make sure that the overflow cover seamlessly blends with your sink, creating a unified and polished appearance in your space.

Conclusion

To wrap up, when choosing the best sink material for your kitchen or bathroom remodel, it's crucial to take into account factors such as durability, maintenance, and style.

With a variety of options available, from stainless steel to silicone, there's a material to suit every need.

So, which sink material will you choose to enhance the look and functionality of your space?

You May Also Like

10 Best Renewed MacBook Pro Laptops of 2025 – Top Picks for Power and Value

The 10 best renewed MacBook Pro laptops of 2025 offer unmatched power and value, but which model is perfect for your needs?

15 Best Whole-Home Battery Backup Systems for Reliable Power in 2025

Discover the 15 best whole-home battery backup systems for reliable power in 2025 and find out which one is perfect for your needs.

15 Best Recycling Bins for Your Kitchen in 2025: Stylish, Durable, and Eco-Friendly Picks

Here are the 15 best recycling bins for your kitchen in 2025, blending style, durability, and eco-friendliness—discover the top picks to transform waste sorting.

15 Best All-Weather Emergency Sleeping Bags for Car Use That Could Save Your Life

Find the top 15 all-weather emergency sleeping bags for your car that could save your life, and discover which features make them indispensable.